What is IPMI ?

IPMI ( Intelligent Platform Management Interface ) : It  is a remote hardware health monitoring and management system that defines interfaces for use in monitoring the physical health of servers.

IPMI provides a way to monitor & manage a server system that may be powered off or unresponsive by using a network connection to the hardware rather than to an OS.

IPMI functions independently of the OS to allow system admins to manage a system remotely in the absence of an operating system .IPMI can work in any of three situations:

Situation 1 : Your remote server is down, the Operating System is not booting up and you need to check what happened remotely and you need to start the machine, again remotely (without accessing the physical hardware).

Situation 2 : You are on a weekend holiday and you received email that one node in cluster is not responding. You need to find what happened and might need to fence (or reboot) the machine, remotely.

 

IF anyone want to learn RHCE Training. Please Visit on -

Situation 3 : You need a detailed report on server health.

The primary IPMI features include:

    Monitoring (supervision of the hardware)
    Recovery Control (Recover/Restart the server)
    Logging (protocol “out-of-range” states for the hardware)
    Inventory (list of hardware inventory)

IPMI provides these four functions independently from the server’s CPU, BIOS and operating system. The platform management features are also available when the server has been shutdown (as long as at least one server power supply has power).

IPMI ( Intelligent Platform Management Interface ) : It  is a remote hardware health monitoring and management system that defines interfaces for use in monitoring the physical health of servers.
IPMI provides a way to monitor & manage a server system that may be powered off or unresponsive by using a network connection to the hardware rather than to an OS.

IPMI functions independently of the OS to allow system admins to manage a system remotely in the absence of an operating system .IPMI can work in any of three situations: Situation 1 : Your remote server is down, the Operating System is not booting up and you need to check what happened remotely and you need to start the machine, again remotely (without accessing the physical hardware).
Situation 2 : You are on a weekend holiday and you received email that one node in cluster is not responding. You need to find what happened and might need to fence (or reboot) the machine, remotely.
Situation 3 : You need a detailed report on server health.
The primary IPMI features include:

• Monitoring (supervision of the hardware)
• Recovery Control (Recover/Restart the server)
• Logging (protocol “out-of-range” states for the hardware)
• Inventory (list of hardware inventory)

IPMI provides these four functions independently from the server’s CPU, BIOS and operating system. The platform management features are also available when the server has been shutdown (as long as at least one server power supply has power).

- See more at: http://www.aemk.org/aem-blog/what-is-ipmi/#sthash.QwiICfO2.dpuf

RHCE Certification Training in Jaipur

What is RHCE?

RHCE is a global certification, which is designed to demonstrate the knowledge, skill and ability required for a system administrator who is responsible to handle RedHat Enterprise Linux systems. RHCE is meant for the configuration of static routes, packet filtering, and network address translation etc. It is mainly used for setting kernel runtime parameters, building simple RPMs, configuring an iSCSI initiator producing and delivering reports on system utilization using shell scripting to automate system maintenance tasks.
The importance of getting a real-time practical exposure:

 

We need to understand that RHCE Training in Jaipur is not just another conventional certification program, but should provide a person with the needed technical skill-set to execute the live industrial tasks of a Linux Engineer with confidence. So, the first thing to check when you select an RHCE Training center is that whether they can provide a real-time technical environment with high-end infrastructure facilities as of live Linux Servers and support of experienced professionals. Remember, to become an industry-fit Linux professional, an industry exposure is a must. 

The modules covered under RHCE certification training are;

•     setting kernel runtime parameters
•     building simple RPMs,
•     configuring an iSCSI initiator
•    producing and delivering reports on system utilization using shell scripting to automate system maintenance tasks
•     Configuring system logging, including remote logging
•     Configuring a system to provide networking services, including HTTP/HTTPS, FTP, NFS, SMB, SMTP, SSH, and NTP etc
•     Managing Flexible storage with the Logical Volume Manager(LVM)
•     Installing and managing software
•     Turning and maintaining the kernel
•     Manage Virtual machines
•     Network user Accounts with LDAP

Logical Volume Manager

1. Why LVM is required ?

LVM stands for Logical Volume Manager , to resize filesystem’s size online we required LVM partition in Linux. Size of LVM partition can be extended and reduced using the lvextend & lvreduce commands respectively.

 2. Is it possible to increase the logical volume on fly ?

YES

3. How to reduce the logical volume ? is it possible to reduce on fly ?
Answer: No.You can’t reduce the logical volume on fly. Here is the steps to reduce the logical volume on redhat Linux.

•    Un-mount the filesystem
•    Run e2fsck on the volume device
•    Reduce the Filesystem.(resize2fs)
•    Reduce the logical Volume(lvreduce)
•    Mount the filesystem back for production.

4. What are steps to perform in order to increase the logical volume on fly ?

•       Extend the logical volume
•       Increase the Filesystem size
•       Verify the status using df command or lvs command.

5. .How to rename volume Group ? can we rename the VG on fly ? 
Yes. Its possible to rename the volume group on fly.But the mounted volumes will not reflect the same unless you re-mount the volume with new VG name.

Need to update the /etc/fstab with new VG name to mount the volumes across the system reboot.

Linuxworld Informatics pvt. ltd offer RHCE Training. 

LVM Thing Provision

The concept of LVM Thin Provision is to create a new size of POOL other than Volume Group (VG) from where you can create very much larger size of Logical volume partition.
Here are few simple steps are given
============================
We can assume that we have an already created Volume Group of   size 5G
============================
Note:   For Your reference i am giving you the steps for creating volume group   for example we have a partition name /dev/sda6
=============================================================
[root@desktop80 Desktop]# pvcreate /dev/sda6
Physical volume “/dev/sda6” successfully created
[root@desktop80 Desktop]#
[root@desktop80 Desktop]# vgcreate tvg /dev/sda6
Volume group “tvg” successfully created
[root@desktop80 Desktop]#
[root@desktop80 Desktop]# vgs
VG   #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize VFree
tvg   1   0   0 wz–n- 5.00g   5.00g
tvg1   1   3   0 wz–n- 5.00g 256.00m
vol0   1   4   1 wz–n- 73.22g 13.91g
Step 1:   Now we need to create   a ThinPooL
[root@desktop80 ftp]# lvcreate –size 4500M   –thin tvg/pooL1
Logical volume “pooL1” created
Step 2: Now you can create Much larger size partition than 4500M from PooL named pooL1
[root@desktop80 ftp]# lvcreate -V10G   –name LVMthn1 –thin tvg/pooL1
Logical volume “LVMthn1” created
Step 3:   You can format the partition
[root@desktop80 ftp]# mkfs.ext4   /dev/mapper/tvg-LVMthn1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Discarding device blocks: done
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=16 blocks
655360 inodes, 2621440 blocks
131072 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2684354560
80 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632

Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 27 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
Step 4 : Now you can mount and Use LVM
[root@desktop80 ftp]# mkdir /media/LVM
[root@desktop80 ftp]# mount /dev/mapper/tvg-LVMthn1   /media/LVM
Important   : This is very much important to have real size in LVM pooL
————-
Note : We can also extend the size of LVM
==================================
############# LVM PooL extend ##############
[root@desktop80 ~]# lvextend –size +50M tvg/LVMthn1
Rounding size to boundary between physical extents: 52.00 MiB
Extending logical volume LVpooL to 4.74 GiB
Logical volume LVpooL successfully resized

How to enable bash-completion in ubuntu 14.04

1. You need to reinstall bash-completion by using below command

learning@learning:~/Desktop$ sudo apt-get install –reinstall bash-completion

2. Now you need to write it in .bashrc file like below given at very last line

learning@learning:~/Desktop$ sudo vim /root/.bashrc

if [ -f /etc/bash_completion ] && ! shopt -oq posix; then

. /etc/bash_completion

fi

 

Article Source - http://www.rhce.co.in/how-to-enable-bash-completion-in-ubuntu-14-04/

How to configure ISCSI target in Redhat 7

@ Motive behind iscsi protocol is to send hard disk (block device) over the network

@ In redhat 7  we are going to setup a cli target

Step 1 :  To setup target you need to install software which is in version 7 (targetcli)

[root@redhat7 Desktop]# yum install targetcli

step 2 : There is no need to start the service or open configuration file so use targetcli command

====

[root@redhat7 Desktop]# targetcli

targetcli shell version 2.1.fb34

Copyright 2011-2013 by Datera, Inc and others.

For help on commands, type ‘help’.

/>                                                            # this is the prompt of targetcli

i)  To list the architecture of iscsi target

/> ls

o- / …………………………………………………………… […]

  o- backstores …………………………………………………. […]

  | o- block ………………………………………. [Storage Objects: 0]

  | o- fileio ……………………………………… [Storage Objects: 0]

  | o- pscsi ………………………………………. [Storage Objects: 0]

  | o- ramdisk …………………………………….. [Storage Objects: 0]

  o- iscsi ……………………………………………….. [Targets: 0]

  o- loopback …………………………………………….. [Targets: 0]

/>

ii) To create a iscsi target block

/> cd  /backstores/block

/backstores/block>

/backstores/block> create  newhd  /dev/sda7

Created block storage object newhd using /dev/sda7.

/backstores/block>

iii)  To  create an  IQN number use below stpes

/backstores/block> cd /iscsi

/iscsi>

/iscsi> create                                                               # create command will automatically IQN number

Created target iqn.2003-01.org.linux-iscsi.redhat7.x8664:sn.66955d1bd65c.

Created TPG 1.

/iscsi>

OR you can give your own IQN number in proper format

/iscsi> create  iqn.2014-10.com.example:iscsit

Created target iqn.2014-10.com.example:iscsit.

Created TPG 1.

/iscsi>

iV)  Now you need to configure the iscsi hard disk for client with given properities like acls , luns , portals

     ==========================================================================================================

/iscsi> cd /iscsi/iqn.2014-10.com.example:iscsit/tpg1/

/iscsi/iqn.20…e:iscsit/tpg1>

/iscsi/iqn.20…e:iscsit/tpg1> ls

o- tpg1 ……………………………………….. [no-gen-acls, no-auth]

  o- acls …………………………………………………. [ACLs: 0]

  o- luns …………………………………………………. [LUNs: 0]

  o- portals ……………………………………………. [Portals: 0]

 A)  Create a portal so that client can connect and access hard disk

 /iscsi/iqn.20…e:iscsit/tpg1> portals  create

Using default IP port 3260

Binding to INADDR_ANY (0.0.0.0)

Created network portal 0.0.0.0:3260.

/iscsi/iqn.20…e:iscsit/tpg1>

Note : IT will automatically create  3260 port binded with all ip of ISCSI server

Important:  You can create you won port and also can bind with any server IP using below step

=========

/iscsi/iqn.20…e:iscsit/tpg1> portals  create   192.168.0.20  1234

Created network portal 192.168.0.20:1234.

/iscsi/iqn.20…e:iscsit/tpg1>

B)  You also need to create a Logical unit number or Luns  for client hard disk

/iscsi/iqn.20…e:iscsit/tpg1> luns/  create /backstores/block/newhd

Created LUN 0.

/iscsi/iqn.20…e:iscsit/tpg1>

C)  By default acls must be implemented in version 7 .To two disable acls use below given steps

i)

/iscsi/iqn.20…fb47f492/tpg1> set  attribute  authentication=0

Parameter authentication is now ‘0’.

/iscsi/iqn.20…fb47f492/tpg1>

ii)

/iscsi/iqn.20…fb47f492/tpg1> set  attribute  generate_node_acls=1

Parameter generate_node_acls is now ‘1’.

/iscsi/iqn.20…fb47f492/tpg1>

Now you can login via any client and use Targetcli from command line which same as Redhat version 6

Article Source - http://www.rhce.co.in/configure-iscsi-target-redhat-7/

How to install Pip in Redhat 6

Note: PiP is a python module and library installer.
To install this command in RedHat Linux 6 first of turn on EPEL repo
STEP 1: Download the pip in Linux
======
root@kali: $ wget http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm
Step 2: Install it by using rpm command
root@kali $: rpm -ivh epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm
OR you use a single step on spite of step 2 and step 3
root@kali $: rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
Step 3: Now install pip
root@kali: $ yum -y install python-pip
One example of installing python module using pip:
=================================================
root@kali $: pip install netifaces
Note: netifaces is a networking module in python use to check network and ip information
root@kali:python
Python 2.7.3 (default, Mar 13 2014, 11:03:55)
[GCC 4.7.2] on linux2
Type “help”, “copyright”, “credits” or “license” for more information.
>>> import netifaces as neti
>>> neti.ifaddresses(‘wlan0′)
{17: [{‘broadcast': ‘ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff’, ‘addr': ’70:f3:95:af:ac:81′}], 2: [{‘broadcast': ‘192.168.0.255’, ‘netmask': ‘255.255.255.0’, ‘addr': ‘192.168.0.102’}], 10: [{‘netmask': ‘ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::’, ‘addr': ‘fe80::72f3:95ff:feaf:ac81%wlan0′}]}
>>> neti.ifaddresses(‘wlan0′)[2][0][‘addr’]
‘192.168.0.102’
>>>
SO to check ip address we can use netifaces in python

Article Source - http://www.rhce.co.in/how-to-install-pip-in-redhat-6/

RHCSA: A New Base Level Certification From Red Hat

The new version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 is now released and with this new arrival, certifications under RHEL 4 will no longer be current. Red Hat Certified Technician (RHCT) exam is no longer offered by Red Hat. RHCT exam is now replaced by RHCSA (Red Hat Certified System Administrator). This article attempts to provide a clear picture about new changes in RHCE certification.

RHCSA is the new addition to the performance based certifications, to strengthen IT professionals with superior training and performance based assessments in the IT industry. The certification title itself indicates more precise description of the duties held by people with this certification. More over RHCSA is built with thorough analysis of the knowledge and skills needed for modern system administrators. This is an outcome of technical survey, task analysis and feed backs from professionals world wide. In effect RHCSA is similar to RHCT except with some additions to include the result of feed backs from professionals.
RHCSA is the base system administration certification. Now onwards those wishing to earn RHCE on RHEL 6 must get RHCSA and write separate exam for RHCE. RHCE is now upgraded as a higher level system administration certification. A current RHCE will remain as prerequisite for advanced level certifications from Red Hat.

The main changes with RHCE exam on RHEL 6 is that previous Redhat Certification Exam (RHCE) Center in Jaipur (RH302) will be replaced by RHCSA Exam (EX 200) and updated RHCE Exam (EX300). These two exams are now separate and RHCSA is not embedded with RHCE as RHCT was earlier. It is not necessary that one must get RHCSA first, before being eligible to write RHCE exam. If one passes RHCE exam first, then their record will be retained and when they passes RHCSA the earlier RHCE will be clubbed and person will be then RHCSA and RHCE. RHCSA exam is also performance based which evaluates skills through hands-on lab based system.

Certifications from Red Hat provide validation of a professional's technical expertise and knowledge. Nowadays enterprises looking for employees can give more preference to certifications as an input into hiring, promotions and other allowances, as these certifications are obtained from performance based exams.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/5543956

Authorized RHCSA Courses Jaipur

LinuxWorld Informatics Pvt Ltd is pleased to introduce new Authorized RHCSA Courses in Jaipur. It’s a course that wins you a performance based certification – Red Hat Certified System Administrator (RHCSA). The course is designed to align with industry-required skills. Students get the opportunity to attend theoretical classes of most skilled teachers of the industry and practical learning in well-settled labs.

LinuxWorld Informatics Pvt Ltd is the authorised Red Hat Training Partner and Exam Centre. LinuxWorld has 12 years of experience in the industry. We pay more attention toward enhancing the practical know-how of the students, so that they can use their skills to achieve their career goals. In past few years, we have trained over a hundred students, and today they are serving some of the well-known companies as System Administrators.

After completion of the training program, the students are required to appear for an online test. The test is conducted in coordination with RedHat. The students are awarded with a certificate which is globally accepted.

Our Authorized RHCSA Courses in Jaipur include:

• Graphical installation of Linux
• Managing physical storage
• Introduction to the command line
• Installing and configuring local components and services
• Establishing and securing networks
• Managing file security
• Administrating users and groups
• Deploying file-sharing services
• Basic security skills

Join for the Authorized RHCE Institute in Jaipur and give your career a new shape.